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Objective To investigate the trait coping styles, emotional intelligence, positive mental characters and the impact of event among Chinese recruits, and the relationship among them. Methods The Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ), Schutte's Emotional Intelligence Scale (SSEIS), Positive Mental Characters Scale for Recruits (PMCS-R), and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) were used to assess the coping styles, emotional intelligence, positive mental characters and the impact of event in 1 837 male recruits that were divided into two groups (stress group and control group) by considering the scores of the IES-R as the screening criteria (≥35). The data were analyzed by t test, correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results Totally 148 (8.1%) male recruits with stress were screened, and 163 male recruits without stress were selected using stratified random sampling according to demographic characteristics of age, education level and so on. There were significant differences between stress and control groups in the scores of TCSQ, SSEIS and PMCS-R except utilization of emotions and wisdom. Multiple stepwise regression analyses showed that the negative coping, regulation of emotion and wisdom entered the regression equation of the total score of IES-R in the stress group (F=13.395, R2=0.218, P<0.05). However, in the control group, only negative coping came into the equation of the total score of IES-R (F=22.887, R2=0.155, P<0.05). Conclusion Trait coping styles, emotional intelligence and positive mental characters can predict the impact of stress event among recruits effectively, which could provide theoretical basis for the mental health service in recruits.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between avoidant personality disorder and trait coping style,especially the mediating effect of positive mental characters. Methods A sample of 8 500 male recruits was assessed with personality diagnostic questionnaire?4+( PDQ?4+) , positive mental characters scale for recruits(PMCS?R) and trait coping style questionnaire(TCSQ). Results The scores of avoidant personality disorder group were lower than control group on wisdom((3.41±0.77) vs (3.76±0.74)),courage ((3.62±0.76) vs (4.05±0.78)),humanity((3.59±0.75) vs (3.98±0.72)),justice((3.64±0.75) vs (4.02 ±0.76)),temperance((3.58±0.85) vs (4.01±0.83)),transcendence((3.77±0.72) vs (4.13±0.71)),posi?tive mental characters((3.60±0.66) vs (3.99±0.62)) and trait coping style((32.74±6.71) vs (36.61± 6.23)),while negative coping style score was higher than control group((30.87±6.91) vs (22.79±6.96)) respectively,with statistical significance( all P<0.01) . Avoidant personality disorder had significantly negative correlation with positive mental characters and trait coping style( r=-0.323,-0.320,all P<0.01) ,and signif?icantly positive correlation with negative coping style ( r=0.579, P<0.01). Positive mental characters had significantly positive correlation with trait coping style( r=0.548, P<0.01) ,and significantly negative corre? lation with negative coping style( r=-0.289, P<0.01). Hierarchy regression analysis showed that positive mental characters mediate the relationship between trait coping style ( positive coping style,negative coping style) and avoidant personality disorder ( the value of mediating effect was 50.07%,6.36%) . Conclusion ?Recruits’ avoidant personality disorder affects trait coping style not only directly,but also indirectly through positive mental characters.
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Objective To examine the impact of stressful training on recruits and relationships with adult attachment,neuroticism and negative coping style.Methods 1 962 recruits were assessed with aduh attachment scale (AAS),impact of event scale-revised (IES-R),Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and trait coping style questionnaire (TCSQ).Results (1) 67.84％ of recruits reported the varying degrees of stress,and the total average of IES-R was 1.25±0.53.The impact of training of only-child recruits (1.28±0.56) was higher than that of none-only-child (1.22±0.51) (P＜0.05).The total average of attachment close was 3.73±0.51,attachment depend was 3.24±0.53,and attachment anxiety was 2.40±0.77.(2) Attachment anxiety,neuroticism and negative coping style were all positively correlated with impact of training (r =0.384,0.570,0.543,all P＜ 0.01).Attachment close and depend were both negatively correlated with impact of training (r=-0.221,-0.251,all P＜ 0.01).(3) Neuroticism and negative coping style played a completely intermediary role between adult attachment and impact of training.(4) The multiple group analysis showed that the mediation model was adapted to the only-child or none-onlychild recruits.Conclusion Adult attachment can predict impact of training to some extent in the intermediary roles of neuroticism and negative coping style.
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Objective To explore the mediating effect and moderating effect of positive mental characters in the relationship between childhood abuse and depression among recruits.Methods 1925 recruits aged from 16 ～24 were investigated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-28 item Short Form (CTQ-SF),Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Positive Mental Characters Scale for Recruits (PMCS-R) through random cluster sampling.Results The scores of emotional abuse,physical abuse,sex abuse,emotional neglect,physical neglect,depression,positive mental characters were 6.11±1.69,5.49±1.32,5.61±1.45,9.15±3.66,9.57±2.93,0.45±0.11,3.80±0.64,respectively.There were correlations among childhood abuse,depression and positive mental characters (P＜0.05).Emotional neglect,physical neglect and emotional abuse could explain 28.6％ of the total variance of depression (F=256.72,P＜0.05).The positive mental characters partially mediated the relationship between emotional neglect,physical neglect,emotional abuse and depression (mediating effect were 0.19,0.15 and 0.09,respectively),and it could only moderate the relationship between emotional neglect and depression (F=24.73,P＜0.05).Conclusion Childhood abuse not only directly but also indirectly affects depression through the positive mental characters;meanwhile the positive mental characters can change the relationship between childhood abuse and depression.
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Objective To explore the relationship between personality and depression,especially to investigate mediating effect of positive mental characters.Methods A sample of 1 933 male recruits was assessed with eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ),positive mental characters scale for recruits (PMCS-R) and self-rating depression scale (SDS).Results The scores of introversion-extroversion,psychoticism,neuroticism,positive mental characters and depression were 55.26±10.59,42.85±7.25,42.35± 11.67,3.80±0.64,0.45±0.11,respectively.There were correlations among personality,positive mental characters and depression in recruits (P＜0.05).Regression analysis indicated that introversion-extroversion,psychoticism and neuroticism predicted depression directly,and it could explain 42.6％ of the total variance (F=476.28,P＜0.05).Hierarchy regression analysis showed that positive mental characters mediate the relationship between personality (introversion-extroversion,psychoticism,neuroticism) and depression (the mediation effect was 0.22,0.19 and 0.11 respectively,P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Recruits' personality affects depression not only directly,but also indirectly through positive mental characters.
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Objective To explore sleep quality and related psychological factors among young army cadres to provide theoretical basis for health interventions. Method A total of 1 100 young army cadres aged 18 to 34 were assessed with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale by cluster random sampling. Based on CES-C scores, cadres were divided into two groups named depression group and non-depression group;850 sergeants were served as the control group. T test, chi-square test and multiple regressions were used in data analysis. Result Sleep problems were found in 13.5% of the cadres and 12.1% sergeants. General status of sleep quality of cadres was worse than sergeants' and norm's. Exercise less, physical disease and psychological problems were the risk factors. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that depression factors of SCL-90 had the most significantly predictive effect on sleep quality (r=0.552, Beta=0.387), followed by somatization (r=0.552, Beta=0.223), two factors could explain 32.7% of PSQI scores variation. Correlation analysis showed that depression is closely related to subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep disorder and daytime dysfunction (all r>0.3). Cadres' depression (11.11 ± 6.62) was significantly lower than norm's (12.30 ± 10.39) and higher than sergeants'(8.11 ± 6.56). PSQI scores of depression group (6.05 ± 3.13) were significantly higher than non-depression group's (3.56 ± 2.69) and norm's (3.23 ± 3.12). Conclusion Depression is a major correlation factor of the sleep quality. Regular exercise, improvement of the physical and psychological health quality, and reducing depression are effective ways to improve sleep quality.